Qinetiq Group Plc · LSE:QQ.
Qinetiq — Technical Presentation (December 1999)
38 slides from Qinetiq's technical presentation, Dec 15, 1999
Slide 1: Energetic Particle Shielding and Interaction Tools
Energetic Particle Shielding and Interaction Tools P Truscott & F Lei (DERA UK) C Ferguson & R Gurriaran1 (University of Southampton, UK) J Apostolakis, A Forti2, S Giani, MG Pia, (CERN Switzerland) L Urban (KFKI Hungary) M Maire (LAPP, France) P Nieminen, (ESA Space Environments and Effects Analysi
Slide 2: Content
Content Applications and requirements for radiation transport modelling Geant4: Overview and physics modelled Space-specific modules – CAD Front End Tool – Low-energy EM physics – Radioactive decay – Sector Shielding Analysis Tool – General Source Particle Module Future Developments Analys
Slide 3: Applications for Radiation Transport Modelling
Applications for Radiation Transport Modelling Predict radiation effects in microelectronics – Ionising particle dose – Displacement damage – Microdosimetry Assess background levels in detectors Develop hardening strategies / optimise shielding Optimise detector/sensor designs Data interpr
Slide 4: Requirements for Radiation Transport Modelling
Requirements for Radiation Transport Modelling Wide range of particle species to be modelled: secondaries as well as primaries (p, n, d, t, 3He, 4He, e, , , 0 etc.) Energy range: – protons, mesons and ions: 100’s GeV to ~100 keV – neutrons: 100’s GeV to eV – electron-photon: 1 GeV to ~100eV
Slide 5: Model Requirements as a Function of Effect
Model Requirements as a Function of Effect Radiation Particle source Treatment of Output requirements effect other particles TID Trapped / solar protons n (high shielding) Energy deposition; Trapped electrons X-rays Particle fluence spectra (with GCR secondaries stopping powers) (high shielding) Dis
Slide 6: “Traditional” Overview of Physical Processes
“Traditional” Overview of Physical Processes Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 7: Previous Applications of MC Radiation Transport
Previous Applications of MC Radiation Transport Title: Creator: gnuplot Preview: This EPS picture was not saved with a preview included in it. Comment: Integral Mass Model used to study This EPS picture will print to a PostScript printer, but not to radiation-induced background in other types of pri
Slide 8: Geant4 Overview
Geant4 Overview ~100 collaborators from 40 institutes Worldwide Geant4.0 released Dec 98, Geant4.1.0 released 8th Dec 99 Monte Carlo simulation for nuclei, hadrons and leptons Originally intended for simulating hadronic showers: detector design & data interpretation, but other interested com
Slide 9: Geometry Visualisation
Geometry Visualisation Atlas XMM mirror, baffle and grating Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 10: Geant4 Overview (cont.)
Geant4 Overview (cont.) Comprehensive range of physical processes already implemented as well as planned “Fast simulation” mode - response of a volume may be parameterised based on empirical or simulation data Facilities for event biasing Particle tracking in 3D Geometry can be constructed
Slide 11: Geant4 Geometry Editor (GGE)
Geant4 Geometry Editor (GGE) Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 12: Particles Simulated
Particles Simulated – Requirement: , e, p, n, , 0, d, t, 3He, , and other nuclei – Currently Geant4 models the following particles: – Nucleus and atomic excitation state modelled Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 13: Physics Modelled
Physics Modelled Data driven model for high-energy hadrons, equivalent to GHEISHA in Geant3 Theory driven hadron-interaction & de-excitation models: Hadron-nucleon / hadron-nuclear models Parton string >5 GeV Quantum molecular dynamics -1GeV Kinetic (incl. cascade) 40 MeV - 10 GeV Precompound 2
Slide 14: Physics Modelled
Physics Modelled Neutron transport < 20MeV based on assimilation of ENDF, JENDL, CENDL, EFF, FENDL, Brond, JEF and others Isotope production libraries (up to 100 MeV for neutrons) Electromagnetic interactions for leptons, hadrons and photons – Compton, Rayleigh, photo-electric, pair-production
Slide 15: …..In Summary
…..In Summary Geant4 offers a comprehensive environment to specify a geometry, perform particle tracking, and model a wide range of physical interaction processes The toolkit also includes GUI environments and visualisation tools OO Relatively straightforward to inherit and extend the design
Slide 16: Space Specific GEANT4 Modules
Space Specific GEANT4 Modules E S A /G E A N T 4 P ro je ct G E A N T 4 K e rn al In te rfa ce T o o ls G e n e ral T o o ls N e w P h ys ic s N e w F un c tio ns C A D Fro n t-E nd T o ol S e c to r S h ie ld in g A n a lys is T o o l L o w -E ne rg y E M G e n era l S ou rc e P a rtic le M o d u l
Slide 17: Geant4 STEP Interface
Geant4 STEP Interface Standard for Exchange of Product Data (ISO 10303) Geant4 STEP interface based on a free tool from NIST Instantiate geometry in STEP file as G4LogicalVolumes Currently accesses only geometry information, does not access the “management” information, i.e. the class 1 data
Slide 18: Evaluation of CAD Tools
Evaluation of CAD Tools CAD Product: Suitability for G4 based application: ProEngineer (Parametric) yes Euclid (Matra Datavision) yes (with translator) Catia (IBM Dassault) yes MicroStation (Bentley) translator released ? AutoCAD (AutoDesk) yes (R14.01 +) I-deas (SDRC) yes It is not poss
Slide 19: CAD Front-End Tool
CAD Front-End Tool Objective & application: – To permit specification of materials data file to augment geometry STEP description – Use with commercial CAD tools for simple geometry description Functionality: MGA file: STEP file – Extension of Geant4 Geometry Editor Materials definition Colours
Slide 20: Materials & CAD Geometry Association
Materials & CAD Geometry Association Database of pre-defined space materials and pre- defined colours. Creation of internal databases (materials and colours) MGA is a Java tool based User defined volume names largely on GGE: the G4 Materials definitions Geometry Editor. Visualisation definitions CAD
Slide 21: Low-Energy EM Physics
Low-Energy EM Physics Objective & application: – To extend EM physics to 250 eV to lepton-photon transport and ~10 eV to hadrons/ions – Induced X-ray fluorescence studies for background and mineralogy studies Functionality: – Use Lawrence Livermore EEDL, EPDL and EADL cross-section libraries for
Slide 22: Radioactive Decay Module
Radioactive Decay Module Objective: to allow simulation by GEANT4 of: – Nuclear radioactive decay, i.e. , -, +, electron capture (EC), and isomeric transition (IT) or “long-lived” meta-stable states, the latter through the existing photo-evaporation code; – Neutron decay (- emission). Applic
Slide 23: Radioactive Decay Module
Radioactive Decay Module All nuclear/neutron decay products to be submitted back to the tracking process, including – daughter nucleus (tracking interactions and radioactive decay through multiple generations) -rays from prompt de-excitation & anti- – details of the atomic excitation state
Slide 24: Why Variance Reduction?
Why Variance Reduction? Times of decay sampled often may not correspond to times of observation - inefficient simulation Bias sampling and modify the weights of the decay products Unbiassed and Biassed Probability of Decay 0.6 Unbiassed probability Probability of decay per unit time Biased proba
Slide 25: RDM-sampled and Predicted Beta Spectrum
RDM-sampled and Predicted Beta Spectrum 140 Geant4 120 Formula 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 26: Sector Shielding Analysis Tool
Sector Shielding Analysis Tool Objective & application: – To determine the physical distribution of shielding around a user-defined point in the geometry – First-order assessment of shielding as a function of position Functionality: – Uses “geantino” – Histogram of fraction of solid angle with s
Slide 27: Sector Shielding Analysis Tool
Sector Shielding Analysis Tool Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 28: SSAT Analysis of XMM Baffle
SSAT Analysis of XMM Baffle x z y Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
Slide 29: General Source Particle Module
General Source Particle Module Objective and application: – To permit definition of an arbitrary source distribution without coding – By default Geant4 only allows unidirectional, monoenergetic sources – Definition of general source particle distributions Functionality: – Spatial : point, area s
Slide 30: Future Developments
Future Developments Event Scoring and Data Output – To permit selection of standard scoring parameters without coding – Generally applicable to spacecraft studies Post-processor data visualisation utilities – Using Iris Explorer, AVS or Root Spacecraft Radiation Shielding and Effects Toolkit (
Slide 31: Application of Geant4 to Assess Low-Energy Proton Effects on XMM CCDs
Application of Geant4 to Assess Low-Energy Proton Effects on XMM CCDs Study led by ESA, involving DERA, CERN, University of Columbia Objective to determine the flux of low-energy protons incident on the XMM EPIC and RGS CCDs - source of displacement damage Shallow-angle scattering of 100 keV t
Slide 32: X-ray Fluorescence Study
X-ray Fluorescence Study Solar X-ray Objective to compare the relative CR or solar proton contribution to emitted discrete X-rays from basalt as a result of + +- irradiation by: - e- – Solar X-rays + e+ – Solar flare protons (PIXE) – Cosmic-ray induced electromagnetic cascade Applicable to mi
Slide 33: X-ray Fluorescence Study
X-ray Fluorescence Study ITS (tigerp) simulations performed for X-ray spectra normally incident upon basalt – M-flare – C-flare – B-flare – X-ray spectrum for quiet solar conditions Electron transport between 1-10 keV initially followed, but results for photon-transport alone typically agree wit
Slide 34: X-ray Flux Induced by Solar X-rays
X-ray Flux Induced by Solar X-rays Reflected X-ray Flux (absolute normalisation applied) 1.E+09 M-flare 1.E+08 C-flare B-flare 1.E+07 Quiet solar conditions 1.E+06 X-ray flux [photons-MeV-1cm-2s-1] 1.E+05 1.E+04 1.E+03 1.E+02 1.E+01 1.E+00 1.E-01 1.E-02 0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007 0.
Slide 35: Solar Induced Discrete K-line Emission (including PIXE)
Solar Induced Discrete K-line Emission (including PIXE) Ka line intensities Kb line intensities Surface X-ray flux [cm -2s-1] Surface X-ray flux [cm-2s-1] 1.00E+04 1.00E+03 1.00E+03 1.00E+02 1.00E+02 1.00E+01 1.00E+01 1.00E+00 1.00E-01 1.00E+00 1.00E-02 1.00E-01 1.00E-03 1.00E-02 M-flare M-flare C-f
Slide 36: Contributions from Cosmic-Ray Induced X-rays
Contributions from Cosmic-Ray Induced X-rays Due to the need to execute IRTS using p-codes version of ITS3, statistics on the cosmic-ray results are poor They do however indicate that proton X-ray flux levels are approximately 1-5 orders of magnitude below X-rays from quiet solar X-rays …. Excep
Slide 37: Conclusions
Conclusions Geant4 is a new-generation toolkit for Monte Carlo particle simulation Unlike other codes Geant4 has been developed to provide particle simulation in a single tool, but also allows easy extension of physics modelled …. if required Intended primarily for the high-energy physics comm
Slide 38: Documentation on DERA/GEANT4 Web-Site
Documentation on DERA/GEANT4 Web-Site http://www.space.dera.gov.uk/space_env/geant_mn.html Contract Final Presentation, ESTEC, Noordwijk 15 December 1999
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