Cummins Inc. · NYSE:CMI

Cummins — Technical Presentation (March 2017)

42 slides from Cummins's technical presentation, Mar 7, 2017

  1. Slide 1: NFPA 110 Overview for Generator Set Emergency Power Systems

    PowerHour webinar series for consulting engineers Experts you trust. Excellence you count on. NFPA 110 Overview for Generator Set Emergency Power Systems This material is based on NFPA110-2016 March 7th, 2017 11:00 PDT / 13:00 CDT (1PDH issued by Cummins)

  2. Slide 2: Welcome!

    Welcome! PowerHour is designed to help our engineer partners to…  Keep up to date on products, technology, and codes and standards development  Interact with Cummins experts and gain access to ongoing technical support  Participate at your convenience, live or on-demand  Earn PDH Technical tips:

  3. Slide 3: Meet your panelists

    Meet your panelists Cummins presenter: Cummins facilitator: Munir Kaderbhai Application Engineer Tom Bakritzes, Cummins Power Systems Global Sales Training Manager Your local Cummins contacts:  AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp ([email protected]), Rocky Mountain Region  CO, MT, ND, UT, WY: Joe Peka

  4. Slide 4: Disclaimer

    Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this seminar shall not be considered the official position of NFPA and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Participants are encouraged to refer to the entire text of all referenced documents available at NFPA.o

  5. Slide 5: Course Objectives

    Course Objectives Participants will be able to: – List NFPA 110 classifications of emergency and standby power systems – Identify key aspects and intent of NFPA 110 that affect the equipment selection and design of engine-driven generator set emergency power systems; – Describe various strategies fo

  6. Slide 6: NFPA 110 Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems - Introduction

    NFPA 110 Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems - Introduction  Requirements covering the performance of emergency and standby power systems providing an alternate source of electrical power to loads in buildings and facilities in the event that the primary power source fails.  Covers in

  7. Slide 7: NFPA 110 - Classification of Emergency Power

    NFPA 110 - Classification of Emergency Power  Class - minimum time, in hours, for which the EPSS is designed to operate at its rated load without being refueled or recharged.  Type - maximum time that the EPSS will permit the load terminals of the transfer switch to be without acceptable electrica

  8. Slide 8: NFPA 110 - Classification of Emergency Power

    NFPA 110 - Classification of Emergency Power  4.4.4* Level 1 and Level 2 systems shall ensure that all loads served by the EPSS are supplied with alternate power that meets all the following criteria:  (1) Of a quality within the operating limits of the load  (2) For a duration specified for the

  9. Slide 9: Examples of EPSS Classifications

    Examples of EPSS Classifications  NFPA 101 Life Safety Code - Means of Egress  Example of a Level 1 System – Emergency Lighting – 7.9.2.2 New emergency power systems for emergency lighting shall be at least Type 10, Class 1.5, Level 1, in accordance with NFPA110, Standard for Emergency and Standby

  10. Slide 10: Strategies for Ensuring a Reliable 10-second Start

    Strategies for Ensuring a Reliable 10-second Start  EPSS = Emergency Power Supply System  EPS = Emergency Power Source (generator set)  Type and Class requirements apply to the EPSS and not the EPS!  System level time analysis should be completed - Electrical system component selection - Evaluat

  11. Slide 11: Single Generator Set System

    Single Generator Set System Reference: NFPA 110 Edition 2016, ANNEX B, Diagrams of Typical Systems 11

  12. Slide 12: Utility Outage with Single Generator Set System - Sequence of Events

    Utility Outage with Single Generator Set System – Sequence of Events ATS control detects utility outage (1) Time delay to start (2) ATS sends a start signal to the generator set (3) Generator Set Engine Crank Initiated (4) G1 Prime mover starts (5) Generator set Ready-to-Load (RTL) (6) Transfer time

  13. Slide 13: Time Delay on Start

    Time Delay on Start  Prevents nuisance starts and possible subsequent load – Utility recloser circuits 13

  14. Slide 14: Starting System Considerations

    Starting System Considerations  Electric starter or a stored energy starting system allowed  Electric starters become less effective as the temperature drops – loss of battery discharge capacity – increase in an engine’s resistance to cranking under those conditions  Air starters may increase or

  15. Slide 15: Starter Battery Considerations

    Starter Battery Considerations  Properly sized batteries – Batteries must store and discharge sufficient power to crank the engine long enough and fast enough to start the engine. – The batteries must be designated for this use and may have to be approved by the AHJ  Battery shall be of the nickel

  16. Slide 16: Relocating Batteries

    Relocating Batteries – If standard cables are not used, new cables must be designed accordingly – Must not result in excessive voltage drop between battery and starter motor – Total cranking circuit resistance, cables plus connections, not to exceed: • 0.00075 ohms for 12V systems • 0.002 ohms for 2

  17. Slide 17: Starting Equipment Requirements

    Starting Equipment Requirements 17

  18. Slide 18: Critical Charger Performance

    Critical Charger Performance  Sufficient capacity to recharge batteries within 24 hours (Level 1) – 225 amp-hour battery recharges in 22.5 hours with 10A charger • Charger designed to charge a fully discharged battery • Typically need TWO 10A chargers for most 24V diesels  Critical to get charger

  19. Slide 19: Starter Battery Considerations – Lead Acid vs. NiCd

    Starter Battery Considerations – Lead Acid vs. NiCd Reference: BatteryUniversity.com - BU-410: Charging at High and Low Temperatures 19

  20. Slide 20: Controlling Engine Inertia Load

    Controlling Engine Inertia Load  More inertia load on the engine may increase engine start time  Pay attention to the generator set configuration – Unnecessarily oversized alternator = larger rotational inertia – Medium voltage alternator = larger rotational inertia  Pay attention to cooling pack

  21. Slide 21: Traditional Recommended Auxiliary Equipment Electrical Connections for Standby Operation

    Traditional Recommended Auxiliary Equipment Electrical Connections for Standby Operation Caveat – additional complexity and points of failure 21

  22. Slide 22: Engine Cooling Systems

    Engine Cooling Systems  Industry standards 40°C / 50°C  Generator set power output may need to be reduced at high ambient conditions.  Ambient rating vs. Air-on-Core ratings  Verifying 5.6.7.3 with Air-on-Core ratings may be more challenging 22

  23. Slide 23: Cooling System Ratings

    Cooling System Ratings ΔT: 8°C 40°C 48°C 32°C 40°C  Ambient: 40°C ≈ 48°C Air-on-Core  Air-on-Core: 40°C ≈ 32°C Ambient  Verifying 5.6.7.3 is more challenging – what is ΔT?  Put the responsibility on the generator set manufacturer

  24. Slide 24: Energy Converters — Temperature Maintenance

    Energy Converters — Temperature Maintenance.  5.3.1 The EPS shall be heated as necessary to maintain the water Heater isolation valve jacket and battery temperature determined by the EPS manufacturer for cold start and load acceptance for the type of EPSS.  5.3.5 The ambient air temperature in the

  25. Slide 25: Temperature Maintenance – Key Points

    Temperature Maintenance – Key Points  Coolant heater not designed to heat the area around the generator set!  Failure of the water jacket heater or reduction of the ambient temperature around the engine may affect engine start time and load acceptance time  Low engine temperature alarm functions

  26. Slide 26: Fuel System Design Considerations

    Fuel System Design Considerations  7.9.1.2* Fuel system design shall provide for a supply of clean fuel to the prime mover.  Regularly scheduled surveillance of the fuel – avoid “stale” fuel issues  Begin maintenance and testing the day of installation and first fill → establish a benchmark guide

  27. Slide 27: Fuel Types: Diesel and Cold Weather

    Fuel Types: Diesel and Cold Weather  High diesel fuel viscosity – Increase fuel system restriction – Inability to maintain required fuel pressure  Cloud point ( ≤ 15°F) Mitigation measures: – Wax particles starts to form (1) Heaters – Fuel filter plug point (clogging) – Filters – Measure (1)  – T

  28. Slide 28: Multiple Generator Set EPSS

    Multiple Generator Set EPSS Reference: NFPA 110 Edition 2016, ANNEX B, Diagrams of Typical Systems 28

  29. Slide 29: Utility Outage with Multiple Generator Set System – Sequence of Events

    Utility Outage with Multiple Generator Set System – Sequence of Events ATS control detects utility outage (1) Time delay to start (2) ATS sends a start signal to the generator set (3) G1 G2 G3 Generator Set Engine Crank Initiated (4) Prime mover starts (5) Generator set Ready-to-Load (RTL) (6) First

  30. Slide 30: Multiple Generator Sets Paralleling - First Start Arbitration and Synchronization

    Multiple Generator Sets Paralleling - First Start Arbitration and Synchronization  First start arbitration between the generators determines which one is allowed to close first to a dead bus – Takes anywhere from 0.7 seconds up to 2 seconds  Time to synchronize the remaining generators to parallel

  31. Slide 31: Conclusion

    Conclusion  Remember: Type and Class requirements apply to the EPSS and not the EPS!  Performance specifications should be written around the system  Advantage of working with a single-source manufacturer of complete power system: – Can allow seamless integration of power system technology compri

  32. Slide 32: Q&A

    Q&A  Type your questions, comments, feedback in the WebEx Q&A box. We will get to as many questions as we can  We will publish consolidated FAQ along with presentation and webinar recording on powersuite.cummins.com Your local Cummins contacts:  AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp ([email protected])

  33. Slide 33: Closing

    Closing  Watch out for a follow-up email including – A Link to webinar recording – A PDH Certificate – A 2-minute survey link. Tell us how we did and how we can improve  Visit powersuite.cummins.com for – PowerHour webinar recording, presentation and FAQ archive – Other Cummins Continuing Educatio

  34. Slide 34: Bonus Information

    Bonus Information 34

  35. Slide 35: Time Delay on Transfer to EPS

    Time Delay on Transfer to EPS  6.2.7 Time Delay on Transfer to EPS. An adjustable time-delay device shall be provided to delay transfer and sequence load transfer to the EPS to avoid excessive voltage drop when the transfer switch is installed for Level 1 use. 35

  36. Slide 36: Considerations for Gaseous Fuel Systems: Natural Gas

    Considerations for Gaseous Fuel Systems: Natural Gas  Quality: Utility grade natural gas – Variations of ‘field gas’ or international markets may require composition analysis  Volume: Check generator set datasheet requirements – Piping based on consumption  Pressure: Typically 7” to 14” water col

  37. Slide 37: Meeting Class and Fuel Storage Requirements

    Meeting Class and Fuel Storage Requirements  7.9.5 Integral tanks of the following capacities shall be permitted inside or on roofs of structures, or as approved by the authority having jurisdiction: – (1) Maximum of 2498 L (660 gal) diesel fuel – (2) Maximum of 95 L (25 gal) gasoline fuel  What i

  38. Slide 38: Tank Sizing Example

    Tank Sizing Example You are required to size a fuel diesel tank for a C3500 D6e C3500 D6e installed inside a building with the following requirements:  Standby application  Outage duration  Rule of thumb plus 10%  NFPA 110 (max. of 660 gal inside a building) Power Outages by month 7 Power Outage

  39. Slide 39: Bonus Information - Tank Sizing Example

    Bonus Information - Tank Sizing Example Supply Line Day Tank Return Line 660 Gal Bulk Tank • NFPA 110 (660 gallons)  1,558 Gal • 24 hours  5,664 Gal 898 Gal 5,004 Gal • 48 hours  11,328 Gal 10,668 Gal

  40. Slide 40: Bonus Information - Minimum Start Time Delay for Testing Purposes

    Bonus Information - Minimum Start Time Delay for Testing Purposes  8.4.5 does require a minimum 1 second delay on start for monthly testing purposes  Criteria set forth in section 4.3 and in Table 4.1 (b) shall not be required during monthly testing of the EPSS  8.4.6.2: If start time requirement

  41. Slide 41: Q&A

    Q&A  Type your questions, comments, feedback in the WebEx Q&A box. We will get to as many questions as we can  We will publish consolidated FAQ along with presentation and webinar recording on powersuite.cummins.com Your local Cummins contacts:  AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp ([email protected])

  42. Slide 42: Closing

    Closing  Watch out for a follow-up email including – A Link to webinar recording and presentation – A PDH Certificate  Visit powersuite.cummins.com for – PowerHour webinar recording, presentation and FAQ archive – Other Cummins Continuing Education programs – Sizing and spec development tool  Ple

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