Garrett Motion Inc. · NASDAQ:GTX
Garrett Motion — Technical Presentation (May 2024)
42 slides from Garrett Motion's technical presentation, May 13, 2024
Slide 1: Achieving Emissions Compliance with Secondary Air Injection and 48V E-Compressor
MAY 13, 2024 | W EBINAR ACHIEVING EMISSIONS COMPLIANCE WITH SECONDARY AIR INJECTION AND 48V E-COMPRESSOR Surya Yadla – Powertrain Leader © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 2: Surya Yadla - Powertrain Leader, Light Vehicle & Electric Boosting
Surya Yadla - Powertrain leader – Light vehicle & electric boosting • Automotive engineering Master from University of applied sciences, Aachen, 2010 • Worked at FEV GmbH, Aachen in multiple roles - Project Engineer, Project Manager and Team lead in Gasoline & Hybrid Powertrain concepts department •
Slide 3: Our Garrett mission
Our Garrett mission Garrett is a cutting-edge technology leader delivering differentiated solutions for emission reduction and energy efficiency. We are passionate about innovating for mobility and beyond. © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 4: Garrett at-a-glance
Garrett at-a-glance $3.9B 5 ~1,300 Revenue in 2023 R&D centers Patents issued or pending ~9,700 1 11 $100M+ “Close-to-customer” Employees Annual Investment in Electrification engineering centers ~1,300 5 50,000+ Engineers Software development Turbos / day centers 60+ 13 130M+ Vehicle manufacturers S
Slide 5: Global leader and innovation powerhouse
Global leader and innovation powerhouse 2023 Revenue Breakdown Technologies Offering Commercial Vehicle & Industrial By Geography 2% 19% North America Large Free-Float Double Axle VNT Wastegate Asia 48% Europe Light Vehicle Diesel, Gas & Hybrid 31% Other Emission Reduction Wastegate Variable Nozzle
Slide 6: Agenda
AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Test setup 3. Steady-State mapping 4. Transient – Drive cycle testing on engine dyno 5. Summary © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 7: Evolution of Global Powertrain Mix 2020-2030 – Light Vehicle
Evolution of Global Powertrain Mix 2020-2030 – Light Vehicle Global Electrification 19% Electrification 73% 77Mu Scenario 97Mu 100% 6% • CO2 & Emission regulations are main drivers for Electrification 80% 42% • Full electric (BEV & FCEV) set to grow to 42% by 2030 60% • BEV Growth highly sensitive t
Slide 8: E-Boosting
E-BOOSTING
Slide 9: What is driving the adoption of E-Boosting?
What is driving the adoption of E-Boosting? CO2 NOx CO2 Regulation Emission Regulation Platform consolidation Alternate Fuels Electrification / Hybridization Cold start compliance BEV / Electrification focused Synthetic / E-Fuels Availability of HV architecture Faster catalyst heating with powertrai
Slide 10: Technology bricks
Technology bricks Garrett E-Turbo Garrett E-Compressor E-Motor / generator E-Motor 100% Regeneration capability 7.5kW 48V, 90krpm 6kW up to 20kW, 225krpm Turbo Up to 1050°C High vibration Inverter & motor control SW Inverter & motor control SW Greased ball bearing High switching frequency at high cu
Slide 11: E-Turbo Demonstration Vehicles
E-Turbo Demonstration Vehicles Mercedes A Class 1,33L Audi Q7 2,0L © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 12: E-Boost for Lambda
E-Boost for Lambda 1 • Lambda 1 across complete engine map Audi Q7 2L Gasoline Case Study Engine Test | Full load - Steady-state is a pre-requisite for EU7 500 350 • Baseline GT17 equiv. Engine torque in Nm - 380Nm & 185kW 400 300 • Dedicated Lambda 1 matching leads to Power output in kW 300 250 200
Slide 13: E-Boost for Secondary Air Injection
E-Boost for Secondary Air Injection E-Compressor E-Turbo EHC TWC GPF TWC ASC EHC TWC GPF TWC ASC 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 Air box Air box 1 – In Cylinder head, close to exhaust valves 2 – Upstream Electrically Heated Catalyst or Three-Way Catalyst 3 – Upstream Gasoline Particulate Filter for soot regeneratio
Slide 14: Secondary Air Injection
SECONDARY AIR INJECTION
Slide 15: What is Secondary Air Injection?
What is Secondary Air Injection? Fresh air intake Secondary air valve TWC λ>1 Secondary air channels in Cylinder head Pressure pipe λ<1 Electrical SAI valve Secondary air Secondary Air pump Pump Air box Source: MTZ 12/2010: Audi / Pierburg Definition Fresh air introduced to the exhaust path of the e
Slide 16: Simulation study to identify system behavior
Simulation study to identify system behavior DESCRIPTION Faster catalyst Engine 2.0TGDI, 4 cylinders, 20 bar BMEP, 135 kW light-off with SAI EATS Secondary oxidation model, TWC model Ambient Conditions 1 bar, 25°C SAI Path Pressure Drop 650 mbar at 100 kg/h steady flow (flow bench) SAI pump E-Compre
Slide 17: Agenda
AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Test setup 3. Steady-State mapping 4. Transient – Drive cycle testing on engine dyno 5. Summary © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 18: Test engine specification
Test engine specification Engine type: EA211evo 1.5 TSI 118kW NAR Displacement: 1498 cm3 Engine Layout: In-line 4 cylinder Injection: Direct SAI pump: 12V pump / blower Garrett Turbo: VNT GT1241V (950 °C) Test location: Brno, CZ Source: https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15347985/vws-new-four-cylind
Slide 19: Garrett internal testing to compare different SAI layouts
Garrett internal testing to compare 3 different SAI layouts 12V SAI pump 48V Garrett E-Comp 48V Garrett E-Comp in p1 position in p2 position Hardware : *Steady state SAI strategy Engine : VW EA211 1.5L NAR, VNT *Steady state operating range limit investigation Aftertreatment : TWC *Driving cycle SAI
Slide 20: Garrett aero portfolio - Wheel selection
Garrett aero portfolio - Wheel selection Garrett E-Compressor 2.2 E-Motor Inverter & motor control SW 7.5kW 48V, 90krpm Same as E-Turbo 2 Dedicated SAI Aero for high power engines 1.8 Pressure ratio / - Performance Aero 1.6 1.4 E-Compressor wheel Dedicated SAI aero, 73 mm Greased ball bearing 1.2 Fu
Slide 21: Agenda
AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Test setup 3. Steady-State mapping 4. Transient – Drive cycle testing on engine dyno 5. Summary © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 22: Steady state testing boundary conditions
Steady state testing boundary conditions Steady state engine mapping (Open ECU) • Investigation of maximum operating range for each SAI layout • Preparation of maps for drive cycle testing: • Ignition timing • Fuel quantity • Compressor speed • Throttle position • VNT position Test methodology • Rel
Slide 23: Steady state testing boundary conditions
Steady state testing boundary conditions Secondary air Steady state engine mapping (Open ECU) valve closed TWC • Investigation of maximum operating range for each SAI layout • Preparation of maps for drive cycle testing: Secondary air • Ignition timing pump deactivated • Fuel quantity • Compressor s
Slide 24: Steady state testing boundary conditions
Steady state testing boundary conditions Secondary air Steady state engine mapping (Open ECU) valve closed Lambda sensor λ = 0.8 TWC • Investigation of maximum operating range for each SAI layout • Preparation of maps for drive cycle testing: λ = 0.8 Secondary air • Ignition timing 0% pump deactivat
Slide 25: Steady state testing boundary conditions
Steady state testing boundary conditions Secondary air Steady state engine mapping (Open ECU) valve open Lambda sensor λ = 1.0 TWC • Investigation of maximum operating range for each SAI layout • Preparation of maps for drive cycle testing: λ = 0.8 Secondary air • Ignition timing 25% pump activated
Slide 26: Steady state investigation results: lambda behavior
Steady state investigation results Lambda behavior 1.6xxxxxxxxxxxx1.4xxxxxxxxxxxx1.2xxxxxxxxxxxx1.0xxxxxxxxxxxx0.8 12 V pump Exhaust Lambda [-] • Motor speed is not controllable 12 V pump SAI-on E-Comp p1 SAI-on E-Comp p2 SAI-on therefore lambda varies between 1 – 3 • Lambda ≥ 1 can be achieved in l
Slide 27: Steady state investigation results: exhaust temperatures
Steady state investigation results Exhaust temperatures 900xxxxxxxxxxx800xxxxxxxxxxx700xxxxxxxxxxx600xxxxxxxxxxx500 12 V pump T1T[°C] • MFB50% = 30deg. More retarded 12 V pump SAI-on E-Comp p1 SAI-on E-Comp p2 SAI-on combustion would improve T1T • However, as the pump is an on-off system, when lambd
Slide 28: Steady state investigation results: operating range of SAI
Steady state investigation results Operating range of SAI 12 V pump • Sensitive to back pressure • Not easily controllable E-Comp p1 • Dedicated SAI aero enables operation in both low and high flow high PR conditions • Significantly higher E-machine performance enables to cover high Full Load curve
Slide 29: Agenda
AGENDA 1. Introduction 2. Test setup 3. Steady-State mapping 4. Transient – Drive cycle testing on engine dyno 5. Summary © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 30: Transient – Drive cycle testing on Engine Dyno
Transient – Drive cycle testing on Engine Dyno Methodology • Quasi-steady state approach with maps generated from steady-state tests • Imposed Engine speed & load profile of the WLTC cycle up to 40 sec • Manual adjustment of individual parameters (fuel, spark timing, etc.) to achieve desired level o
Slide 31: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline • No SAI + retarded combustion SAI 12 V pump • SAI operational only during idle. Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads • Retarded combustion SAI off lambda 1 SAI 12 V pump 12V pump only active during idling © 2024 Ga
Slide 32: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline • No SAI + retarded combustion SAI 12 V pump + 58% • SAI operational only during idle. Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads - 7% ∆ 17 °C • Retarded combustion SAI off lambda 1 SAI 12 V pump - 23% 12V pump only activ
Slide 33: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline • No SAI + retarded combustion SAI 12 V pump • SAI operational only during idle. Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads • Retarded combustion SAI E-Comp p1 SAI off lambda 1 • SAI and stable post-oxidation maintained S
Slide 34: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline • No SAI + retarded combustion SAI 12 V pump +59% • SAI operational only during idle. Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads ∆ 110 °C - 61% • Retarded combustion SAI E-Comp p1 SAI off lambda 1 • SAI and stable post-ox
Slide 35: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline • No SAI + retarded combustion SAI 12 V pump • SAI operational only during idle. Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads • Retarded combustion SAI E-Comp p1 SAI off lambda 1 • SAI and stable post-oxidation maintained S
Slide 36: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature SAI E-Comp p1/p2 • E-Compressor in both layouts is capable of delivering 25% of SAI expectation of the same emission results • HC and NOx emissions are the same between p1/p2 layouts • CO is higher for p2 layout • P1 shows up to 7%
Slide 37: Drive cycle investigation results
Drive cycle investigation results pollutants / exhaust temperature Lambda 1 - baseline 193 13 Baseline 180 • No SAI + retarded combustion 12V pump 10 48V E-Comp p1 -61% -69% SAI 12 V pump 48V E-Comp p2 75 69 • SAI achievable only during idle. 4 4 Lambda 1 strategy for higher loads • Retarded combust
Slide 38: Secondary Air Injection with E-Boosting devices
Secondary Air Injection with E-Boosting devices High exhaust enthalpy No Drivability restrictions Significantly higher heating power vs. Ensures (P)HEV high load engine starts or other catalyst heating measures instant driveaways at cold start High engine load operation Robust emission control E-Boo
Slide 39: Summary
Summary Measurement campaign to test various SAI layouts Limits of various SAI layouts tested under steady state conditions Engine Calibration to run cold start transient SAI with 48V E-Comp conditions very promising to reduce cold start emissions © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 40: Garrett Advancing Motion
Garrett ADVANCING MOTION www.garrettmotion.com Xinf &e garrettmotion
Slide 41: Let's stay in touch!
Let’s stay in touch! SURYA KIRAN YADLA Powertrain Leader - Light Vehicle & E-Boosting [email protected] www.garrettmotion.com Or fill in a contact form here. © 2024 Garrett Motion Inc.
Slide 42: Technology bricks for cold start emission compliance
Technology bricks for cold start emission compliance Emission reduction potential Mainstream Applications Critical for Customer Exhaust acceptance burner Vehicle drive- EHC with Pre- heating HEV PHEV away limiter Secondary Air (4 kW) Injection 48V Secondary Air Engine load Injection EHC w/o Pre- MHE